Example Slot Signal C++

 

Description:Signals are software interrupts delivered to a process by the operating system.Signals can also be issued by the operating system based on system or error conditions.There is a default behavior for some (i.e. a process is terminated when it receives an inturrupt SIGINT signal by pressing keystrokes ctrl-C) but this tutorial shows how to handle the signal by defining callback functions to manage the signal. Where possible, this allows one to close files and perform operations and react in a manner defined by the programmer.

  1. Qt Signal Slot Example C
  2. Qt Signal Slot Example C++
  3. Example Slot Signal C++ Signal
  4. Example Slot Signal C++ Jammers
  5. Example Slot Signal C++ Booster

Signals, slots, QOBJECT, emit, SIGNAL, SLOT. Those are known as the Qt extension to C. They are in fact simple macros, defined in qobjectdefs.h. #define signals public #define slots /. nothing./ That is right, signals and slots are simple functions: the compiler will handle them them like any other functions. In this video iam going to show you how you can create Signal And Slots in Qt5 C with Practical Examples, in this we are going to introduce Signal And Slot.

Note that not all signals can be handled.

Types of signals:
SignalValueDescription
SIGHUP1Hangup (POSIX)
Report that user's terminal is disconnected. Signal used to report the termination of the controlling process.
SIGINT2Interrupt (ANSI)
Program interrupt. (ctrl-c)
SIGQUIT3Quit (POSIX)
Terminate process and generate core dump.
SIGILL4Illegal Instruction (ANSI)
Generally indicates that the executable file is corrupted or use of data where a pointer to a function was expected.
SIGTRAP5Trace trap (POSIX)
SIGABRT
SIGIOT
6Abort (ANSI)
IOT trap (4.2 BSD)
Process detects error and reports by calling abort
SIGBUS7BUS error (4.2 BSD)
Indicates an access to an invalid address.
SIGFPE8Floating-Point arithmetic Exception (ANSI).
This includes division by zero and overflow.The IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985) defines various floating-point exceptions.
SIGKILL9Kill, unblockable (POSIX)
Cause immediate program termination.
Can not be handled, blocked or ignored.
SIGUSR110User-defined signal 1
SIGSEGV11Segmentation Violation (ANSI)
Occurs when a program tries to read or write outside the memory that is allocated for it by the operating system, dereferencing a bad or NULL pointer. Indicates an invalid access to valid memory.
SIGUSR212User-defined signal 2
SIGPIPE13Broken pipe (POSIX)
Error condition like trying to write to a socket which is not connected.
SIGALRM14Alarm clock (POSIX)
Indicates expiration of a timer. Used by the alarm() function.
SIGTERM15Termination (ANSI)
This signal can be blocked, handled, and ignored. Generated by 'kill' command.
SIGSTKFLT16Stack fault
SIGCHLD
SIGCLD
17Child status has changed (POSIX)
Signal sent to parent process whenever one of its child processes terminates or stops.
See the YoLinux.com Fork, exec, wait, waitpid tutorial
SIGCONT18Continue (POSIX)
Signal sent to process to make it continue.
SIGSTOP19Stop, unblockable (POSIX)
Stop a process. This signal cannot be handled, ignored, or blocked.
SIGTSTP20Keyboard stop (POSIX)
Interactive stop signal. This signal can be handled and ignored. (ctrl-z)
SIGTTIN21Background read from tty (POSIX)
SIGTTOU22Background write to tty (POSIX)
SIGURG23Urgent condition on socket (4.2 BSD)
Signal sent when 'urgent' or out-of-band data arrives on a socket.
SIGXCPU24CPU limit exceeded (4.2 BSD)
SIGXFSZ25File size limit exceeded (4.2 BSD)
SIGVTALRM26Virtual Time Alarm (4.2 BSD)
Indicates expiration of a timer.
SIGPROF27Profiling alarm clock (4.2 BSD)
Indicates expiration of a timer. Use for code profiling facilities.
SIGWINCH28Window size change (4.3 BSD, Sun)
SIGIO
SIGPOLL
29I/O now possible (4.2 BSD)
Pollable event occurred (System V)
Signal sent when file descriptor is ready to perform I/O (generated by sockets)
SIGPWR30Power failure restart (System V)
SIGSYS31Bad system call
See: /usr/include/bits/signum.h

Qt Signal Slot Example C

Signals which can be processed include: SIGINT, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGTERM, SIGHUP

List all signals available to the system:

Use the command: kill -l

Sending a process a signal:

A process can be sent a signal using the 'kill' command: kill -s signal-numberpid

Where the pid (process id) can be obtained using the 'ps' command.

C Signal handler and Example:

Basic C signal callback function example:

File: signalExample.cpp

Example to handle ctrl-c
Compile: gcc signalExample.cpp
Run: a.out
Qt signal slot example cResults:

The function prototype: void (*signal (int sig, void (*func)(int)))(int);

C++ Signal Registration and Handling Class:
File: signalHandler.hppFile: signalHandler.cppFile: test.cppCompile: g++ signalHandle.cpp test.cpp
C Signal Man Pages:
C functions:
  • signal - ANSI C signal handling
  • raise - send a signal to the current process
  • strsignal - return string describing signal (GNU extension)
  • psignal - print signal message
  • sigaction - POSIX signal handling functions
  • sigsetops - POSIX signal set operations
  • sigvec - BSD software signal facilities
  • alarm - set an alarm clock for delivery of a signal
Commands:
  • kill - terminate a process
  • ps - report a snapshot of the current processes.
C++ How to Program
by Harvey M. Deitel, Paul J. Deitel
ISBN #0131857576, Prentice Hall

Fifth edition. The first edition of this book (and Professor Sheely at UTA) taught me to program C++. It is complete and covers all the nuances of the C++ language. It also has good code examples. Good for both learning and reference.


'Advanced UNIX Programming' Second Edition
by Marc J. Rochkind
ISBN # 0131411543, Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series

'Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment' First Edition
by W. Richard Stevens
ISBN # 0201563177, Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series

It is the C programmers guide to programming on the UNIX platform. This book is a must for any serious UNIX/Linux programmer. It covers all of the essential UNIX/Linux API's and techniques. This book starts where the basic C programming book leaves off. Great example code. This book travels with me to every job I go to.


'UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1: Networking APIs - Sockets and XTI' Second Edition
by W. Richard Stevens
ISBN # 013490012X, Prentice Hall PTR

This book covers network APIs, sockets + XTI,multicast, UDP, TCP, ICMP, raw sockets, SNMP, MBONE. In depth coverageof topics.


'UNIX Network Programming Volume 2: Interprocess Communications'
by W. Richard Stevens
ISBN # 0130810819, Prentice Hall PTR

This book covers semaphores, threads, record locking, memory mapped I/O, message queues, RPC's, etc.


'Advanced Unix Programming'
by Warren W. Gay
ISBN # 067231990X, Sams White Book Series

This book covers all topics in general: files,directories, date/time, libraries, pipes, IPC, semaphores, sharedmemory, forked processes and I/O scheduling. The coverage is not as indepth as the previous two books (Stevens Vol 1 and 2)


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Defined in header <csignal>
/*signal-handler*/* signal(int sig, /*signal-handler*/* handler);
(1)
extern'C'using/*signal-handler*/=void(int);// exposition-only
(2)

Sets the handler for signal sig. The signal handler can be set so that default handling will occur, signal is ignored, or a user-defined function is called.

When signal handler is set to a function and a signal occurs, it is implementation defined whether std::signal(sig, SIG_DFL) will be executed immediately before the start of signal handler. Also, the implementation can prevent some implementation-defined set of signals from occurring while the signal handler runs.

For some of the signals, the implementation may call std::signal(sig, SIG_IGN) at the startup of the program. For the rest, the implementation must call std::signal(sig, SIG_DFL).

(Note: POSIX introduced sigaction to standardize these implementation-defined behaviors)

Qt Signal Slot Example C++

[edit]Parameters

Example Slot Signal C++ Signal

sig - the signal to set the signal handler to. It can be an implementation-defined value or one of the following values:
defines signal types
(macro constant)[edit]


handler - the signal handler. This must be one of the following:
  • SIG_DFL macro. The signal handler is set to default signal handler.
  • SIG_IGN macro. The signal is ignored.
  • pointer to a function. The signature of the function must be equivalent to the following:
extern'C'void fun(int sig);

[edit]Return value

Previous signal handler on success or SIG_ERR on failure (setting a signal handler can be disabled on some implementations).

[edit]Signal handler

The following limitations are imposed on the user-defined function that is installed as a signal handler.

If the signal handler is called NOT as a result of std::abort or std::raise (asynchronous signal), the behavior is undefined if

  • the signal handler calls any function within the standard library, except
  • std::signal with the first argument being the number of the signal currently handled (async handler can re-register itself, but not other signals).
  • the signal handler refers to any object with static storage duration that is not std::atomic(since C++11) or volatilestd::sig_atomic_t.
(until C++17)

The behavior is undefined if any signal handler performs any of the following:

  • call to any library function, except the following signal-safe functions (note, in particular, dynamic allocation is not signal-safe):
  • members functions of std::atomic and non-member functions from <atomic> if the atomic type they operate on is lock-free. The functions std::atomic_is_lock_free and std::atomic::is_lock_free are signal-safe for any atomic type.
  • std::signal with the first argument being the number of the signal currently handled (signal handler can re-register itself, but not other signals).
  • member functions of std::numeric_limits
  • The member functions of std::initializer_list and the std::initializer_list overloads of std::begin and std::end
  • std::forward, std::move, std::move_if_noexcept
  • All functions from <type_traits>
  • std::memcpy and std::memmove
  • access to an object with thread storage duration
  • a dynamic_cast expression
  • a throw expression
  • entry to a try block, including function-try-block
  • initialization of a static variable that performs dynamic non-local initialization (including delayed until first ODR-use)
  • waits for completion of initialization of any variable with static storage duration due to another thread concurrently initializing it
(since C++17)

If the user defined function returns when handling SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV or any other implementation-defined signal specifying a computational exception, the behavior is undefined.

If the signal handler is called as a result of std::abort or std::raise (synchronous signal), the behavior is undefined if the signal handler calls std::raise.

On entry to the signal handler, the state of the floating-point environment and the values of all objects is unspecified, except for

  • objects of type volatilestd::sig_atomic_t
  • objects of lock-free std::atomic types (since C++11)
  • side effects made visible through std::atomic_signal_fence(since C++11)

On return from a signal handler, the value of any object modified by the signal handler that is not volatilestd::sig_atomic_t or lock-free std::atomic is indeterminate.

(until C++14)

A call to the function signal()synchronizes-with any resulting invocation of the signal handler.

If a signal handler is executed as a result of a call to std::raise (synchronously), then the execution of the handler is sequenced-after the invocation of std::raise and sequenced-before the return from it and runs on the same thread as std::raise. Execution of the handlers for other signals is unsequenced with respect to the rest of the program and runs on an unspecified thread.

Two accesses to the same object of type volatilestd::sig_atomic_t do not result in a data race if both occur in the same thread, even if one or more occurs in a signal handler. For each signal handler invocation, evaluations performed by the thread invoking a signal handler can be divided into two groups A and B, such that no evaluations in B happen-before evaluations in A, and the evaluations of such volatilestd::sig_atomic_t objects take values as though all evaluations in A happened-before the execution of the signal handler and the execution of the signal handler happened-before all evaluations in B.

(since C++14)

Example Slot Signal C++ Jammers

[edit]Notes

POSIX requires that signal is thread-safe, and specifies a list of async-signal-safe library functions that may be called from any signal handler.

Signal handlers are expected to have C linkage and, in general, only use the features from the common subset of C and C++. It is implementation-defined if a function with C++ linkage can be used as a signal handler.

[edit]Example

Example Slot Signal C++ Booster

Possible output:

[edit]See also

runs the signal handler for particular signal
(function)[edit]
(C++11)
fence between a thread and a signal handler executed in the same thread
(function)[edit]
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